Isahani idashobora guterwa n'umuriro n'uguturika

Amasahani adashobora guterwa n'umuriro n'uguturika akoresha ubuhinga bwo gukingira umuriro n'ubushobozi bwo guturika, afise ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'umuriro bwo mu rwego rwa A, ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'umuriro, ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'ugusenyuka, n'ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'ubukonje. Bikoreshwa cane mu bidukikije bishobora kwaka cane-nk'ibikoresho bishobora kwaka n'ibiturika, no mu bihe vy'ubushuhe bwinshi-n'umuvuduko mwinshi-.

Amasahani adashobora guturika n’uguturika ararwanya neza imipfunda y’ibiturika n’ugusenyuka kw’urubeya rw’ubushuhe bwinshi, bikagabanya ibikomere vy’umuntu n’ivyago vy’itunga bitewe n’impanuka. Sosiyete yacu, nk’iyirongoye mu bijanye n’ibikoresho bishobora gukingira umuriro n’ibiturika, yama ishira imbere uburyo bw’ibicuruzwa kandi yiyemeje gutanga ibicuruzwa bikora neza cane, bifise amahera menshi ku bakiriya bo kw’isi yose. Waba usaba ibintu bigenewe canke ibintu vyinshi-bisanzwe, turashobora kuguha amahitamwo akwiriye.

Kugira ngo dushobore gushitsa ivyo ibihugu n’uturere bitandukanye bikeneye, ishirahamwe ryacu ritanga amasahani adashobora guterwa n’umuriro canke adashobora guturika mu buryo butandukanye, vyose bikaba bihuye n’ibisabwa. Ivyagezwe vyihariye ni ibi bikurikira:
Ingano: Uburebure 1200mm, Ubwaguke 2400-3000mm, Uburebure 9-20mm;
Ivyiza vy’umubiri: Uburemere 2.2-2.8g/cm3, Inkomezi zo gukomera zirengeye canke zingana na 30MPa, Inkomezi zo gukomera zirengeye canke zingana na 25MPa, Inkomezi zo gutera zirengeye canke zingana na 10kJ/m2;
Uguhangana n’umuriro: Uguhangana n’umuriro amasaha 4, Uguhangana n’umuriro mu rwego rwa A, Inguvu z’uguturika 0.1-1.5MPa;
Uguhangana n’Ikirere: Ubushuhe bwo Gukora -40℃gushika kuri 800℃, Ugufata Amazi Muto canke bingana na 2%, Igerageza ryo Gutera Umunyu Rirengeye canke ringana n’amasaha 2000.

Amasahani adashobora guturika n’uguturika arashobora gukoreshwa mu bihe bitandukanye bishobora gutera ingorane nyinshi mu nganda zo kw’isi yose, harimwo inganda, ubwubatsi, inguvu, n’ivy’ugutwara abantu n’ibintu. Ni bo bahitamwo cane mu bijanye n’ubuhinga bwo gukingira umutekano, n’ibikorwa vyihariye birimwo:
Inguvu: Inkuta z’umuriro z’imigende y’imirongo y’uruganda rw’inguvu z’imishwarara, inzugi zikingira umuriro w’ibibanza bitobito, ibice vy’amamashini vy’uruganda rw’inguvu zikingira umuriro, inkuta zikingira amavuta, ibipande vy’ibidukikije vy’ibibanza vyakira LNG, n’ibibanza vy’ibibanza vy’ibitoro bishobora guturika.
Ivy’imiti: Amahugurwa yo gukora imiti, ububiko bw’ibikoresho vy’imiti, ivyumba vyo kugenzura imiti, ibibanza bishobora guturika-ibibanza vy’imiti yica udukoko, n’ibibanza bishobora guhangana n’umuriro-ibibanza vy’ifumbire;
Ibikorwa vy’inganda: Amahugurwa yo gushushanya uruganda rw’imodoka, amahugurwa yo gukora amabateri ya litiyumu, amahugurwa ku bijanye n’ingorane zo guturika kw’inkungugu, n’inkuta zidashobora guturika-iz’uruganda rukora imashini zikomeye;
Ubwubatsi n’Ivy’Itwara: Ivyumba vy’amakuru mu bibanza vy’ubudandaji, ibipande vy’imigende y’indege bishobora guturika-, ibisenge vy’ibibuga vy’indege bishobora guturika, ibibanza bishobora gukingira umuriro mu bibanza vyo guhagararako imodoka biri munsi y’ubutaka, n’uburinzi bw’imigende n’inzira zo munsi y’ubutaka.

Kugira ngo dushobore gushitsa ivyo abaguzi bakeneye bitandukanye ku bijanye n’amasahani adashobora guturika n’uguturika, ishirahamwe ryacu ritanga igitigiri gitoyi c’ibintu bishobora guhinduka. Ibintu bimenyerewe bisaba ko umuntu ashobora gusaba amasahani 30, kandi turashigikira kandi amategeko atandukanye y’ibintu bitandukanye. Guhindura igice gito -biboneka ku masahani 1-9. Ibintu bikoreshwa ku buryo bubereye bisaba ko umuntu ashobora gusaba amasahani 50, harimwo n’ivyo afise imiterere idasanzwe be n’ivyo afise ibintu bidasanzwe. Twarashinze ubufatanye bw’igihe kirekire-n’amashirahamwe menshi y’ivy’ubuhinga, dutanga uburyo butandukanye bwo gutwara ibintu mu bwato harimwo ubwo gutwara ibintu mu kiyaga, ubwo gutwara ibintu mu kirere, n’ubwo gutwara ibintu ku butaka, bujanye n’ivyambu vyose n’uturere twose kw’isi yose, dutoranijwe hakurikijwe ivyo umukiriya akeneye. Niba ufise ivyo ukeneye kugura vuba, ntutinye kutumenyesha. Tuzotunganya umugwi w'abahinga b'abahinga kugira ngo baguhe ubufasha umwe-ku-umwe kugira ngo umugambi wawe utere imbere neza!

Imisoro ishushe: umuriro n'uguturika kw'isahani, Ubushinwa umuriro n'uguturika kw'isahani abahinguzi, abagurisha, uruganda